In more detail - Our approach and critique concerning international volunteering

---

We are convinced that the power imbalance which has developed through centuries of colonisation between colonising (today: Global North) and colonised countries (today: Global South) is reproduced in different ways today, in a post-colonial era. We want to take a critical look at the extent to which this is reflected in certain images, relationships of dependency and ideas of superiority that also occur in many international "aid" or "development" projects for volunteers.

Young people who want to get involved in international volunteering projects are usually driven by their goodwill and motivation to show solidarity with others. We therefore do not want to condemn these efforts in its entirety, but rather to draw attention to the fact that neither in schools nor in the dominant public discourse is the colonial past is sufficiently dealt with in order for young people to become aware of today's consequences and responsibilities. There is often a lack of fundamental and self-critical thematisation of structural racism and unequal power relations, which ultimately lead to these structures also being (unintentionally) reinforced through volunteer work.

Our aim is to change these trends in volunteering, not just by pointing fingers, but by discussing alternatives. In our work, we would like to focus on the pitfalls of international volunteering in an exchange with interested people and discuss the continuing global imbalance and the associated distribution of privileges and resources for solidarity-based and sustainable alternatives in volunteering. We want to support people in taking a critical look at their own world-view and further on so-called development cooperation or aid projects.

---

We criticise the following aspects in current mainstream structures of "developmental" volunteering:

• Lack of sustainability and creation of new dependencies:
  So-called development projects or other projects of aid agencies of the Global North in the Global South often lead to a one-sided flow of profit in the long run (be it through a long-term flow of funding that ultimately flows back to the "donor country", or be it through the one-sided facilitation of travel and work experiences abroad for the volunteers who tend to benefit the most).
• Undermining local organisations and structures:
  Through the financial support of certain, mostly non-local, sponsors of organisations, local structures can be destroyed or dominated by the influence of the (so-called) sending countries and organisations. The work of young volunteers from the Global North can have a significant impact on the local economy as they are sometimes doing work for free that could eventually be a payed position for the local population.
• Lack of competence and cultural sensitivity:
  Although in most cases volunteers have to go through some preparatory seminars before starting their volunteer stay, these usually cannot compensate for the fact that volunteers are assigned to projects and jobs for which they are not sufficiently qualified. Furthermore, there is usually a lack of the necessary cultural sensitivity or contextual prior knowledge, which can lead to misconduct and conflicts in the projects.
• White Savior Complex:
  The fact that young people, most of whom do not have the necessary qualifications, are nevertheless deployed in projects of so-called "development cooperation" shows the arrogance of the Global North that goes hand in hand with this format. White Savior Complex refers to the phenomenon of white people believing (consciously or subconsciously) that their origin, upbringing and education in a country of the Global North gives them the right, knowledge and legitimacy to "enlighten" other people. The White Savior Complex means that white people often believe that it is their task to "rescue" non-white people from their situation, which is constructed as intolerable. In this, not only historically grown global stratifications and images of the passive and needy "others" shaped by racism are reinforced, but contexts and responsibilities are greatly shortened and simplified. This train of thought implies the idea of the alleged indispensability of white people as "problem solvers" for global injustice and poverty, without reflecting on their own responsibility for it.
• Voluntourism:
  A particular phenomenon of international volunteering today is the so-called 'voluntourism'. This concept is about organisations or individuals that integrate a volunteering experience into a tourist trip. In this context, a certain "adventure" and experience for the volunteers clearly takes precedence over the needs of the local projects, which tend to be weakened as a result. The White Savior Complex combined with ("disaster") voyeurism and the common desire for the feeling of having done something "good" are the engines of this business. The lack of preparation as well as the short duration of a volunteering stay leads to a stronger impact of the four previous aspects and makes the resulting damage to the local society even more significant.

So our work is primarily about drawing attention to these critical aspects of international volunteering and discussing them with interested people. Within this framework, we want to reflect on our colonial past and its impact on contemporary international volunteering industries in order to better understand the origins of the current unequal power relations.

We therefore also want to reflect on tendencies of overestimating oneself due to one's socialisation and the unequal access to privileges, as unpleasant as this may be. This is a lifelong process of learning or rather 'unlearning' socially manifested stereotypes as well as the idea of the Global North as the 'right' role model to emulate.

Despite all these aspects, we are confident that solidarity-based and sustainable volunteering is possible! We believe that international exchange can be important and enriching for all parties involved. We see a challenge in creating internationally cooperating projects that are primarily oriented towards local needs, offering people at both ends of the projects an enriching exchange, but without allowing dependencies to develop or even manifesting existing power relationships or ideas of superiority.